IIoT

Sensors & actuators on the process

PLC / DCS executing control loops

SCADA / HMI monitoring & operator control

Production management & scheduling

Business systems & planning

Simple, ubiquitous register-based protocol

Secure, modern interoperability standard

Siemens industrial Ethernet / fieldbus

CIP over Ethernet (Rockwell)

High-speed real-time motion control

MQTT payload spec for IIoT

Robust device bus (automotive/industrial)

Protocol bridge + local compute near the line

High-rate time-series process data store

Live virtual model of a physical asset

ML on sensor data to predict failures

Overall Equipment Effectiveness metric

Enterprise–control integration model

OT/ICS cybersecurity standard

Segment OT networks, control crossings

Keep control networks isolated from IT

Demilitarised zone between plant floor and enterprise IT

Layered controls; assume breach

Securing operational technology: segmentation, legacy protocols, no patching windows